Difference b/w Crystalline & Amorphous Solids
Crystalline Solid
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Amorphous Solid
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Geometry
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Particles
of crystalline solids are arranged in an orderly three dimensional network
called crystal, hence they have definite shape.
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Particles
of amorphous solids are not arranged in a definite pattern, hence they do not
have a definite shape.
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Melting Point
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Crystalline
solids have sharp melting point, this is because attractive forces between
particles long range and uniform.
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Amorphous
solids melt over a wide range of temperature i.e. they do not have sharp
melting point, because the inter-molecular forces vary from place to place
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Cleavage
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The
breakage of a big crystal into smaller crystals of identical shape is called
cleavage.
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Amorphous
solids do not break down at fixed cleavage planes.
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Anisotropy &
Isotropy
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Physical
properties of crystals such as electrical conductivity, refractive index, ,
are different in different direction. This property is called Anisotropy. For
Example Graphite can conduct electricity parallel to its plane of layers but
not perpendicular to plane.
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Amorphous
solids are isotropic, i.e. their physical properties are same in directions.
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Symmetry
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When
crystalline solids, are rotated about an axis their appearance does not
change i.e. they possess symmetry.
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Amorphous
solids are not symmetrical.
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